File and Directory Access文件和目录访问

The modules described in this chapter deal with disk files and directories. 本章介绍的模块处理磁盘文件和目录。For example, there are modules for reading the properties of files, manipulating paths in a portable way, and creating temporary files. 例如，有用于读取文件属性、以可移植方式操纵路径和创建临时文件的模块。The full list of modules in this chapter is:本章模块的完整列表如下：

• pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths面向对象的文件系统路径
  • Basic use基本用途
  • Pure paths纯路径
    • General properties一般属性
    • Operators运算符
    • Accessing individual parts访问单个零件
    • Methods and properties方法和属性
  • Concrete paths具体路径
    • Methods方法
  • Correspondence to tools in the os module与os模块中工具的对应关系
• os.path — Common pathname manipulations常用路径名操作
• fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams迭代来自多个输入流的行
• stat — Interpreting stat() results解释stat()结果
• filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons文件和目录比较
  • The dircmp classdircmp类
• tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories生成临时文件和目录
  • Examples示例
  • Deprecated functions and variables不推荐使用的函数和变量
• glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansionUnix样式路径名模式扩展
• fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matchingUnix文件名模式匹配
• linecache — Random access to text lines随机访问文本行
• shutil — High-level file operations高级文件操作
  • Directory and files operations目录和文件操作
    • Platform-dependent efficient copy operations依赖于平台的高效拷贝操作
    • copytree example示例
    • rmtree example示例
  • Archiving operations存档操作
    • Archiving example存档示例
    • Archiving example with base_dir使用base_dir存档示例
  • Querying the size of the output terminal查询输出终端的大小

See also参阅

Module 模块os

Operating system interfaces, including functions to work with files at a lower level than Python file objects.操作系统接口，包括用于在低于Python文件对象的级别上处理文件的函数。

Module 模块io

Python’s built-in I/O library, including both abstract classes and some concrete classes such as file I/O.Python的内置I/O库，包括抽象类和一些具体类，如文件I/O。

Built-in function 内置功能open()

The standard way to open files for reading and writing with Python.用Python打开文件进行读写的标准方法。