The APPLICABLE_ROLES table (available as of MySQL 8.0.19) provides information about the roles that are applicable for the current user.
The APPLICABLE_ROLES table has these columns:
USER
The user name part of the current user account.
HOST
The host name part of the current user account.
GRANTEE
The user name part of the account to which the role is granted.
GRANTEE_HOST
The host name part of the account to which the role is granted.
ROLE_NAME
The user name part of the granted role.
ROLE_HOST
The host name part of the granted role.
IS_GRANTABLE
YES or NO, depending on whether the role is grantable to other accounts.
IS_DEFAULT
YES or NO, depending on whether the role is a default role.
IS_MANDATORY
YES or NO, depending on whether the role is mandatory.